Strep Throat

Symptoms of Strep Throat Infection

• Pain, discomfort or raw feeling of the throat
• Pain is made worse when swallows
• Children less than 2 years of age usually can't complain about a sore throat. A young child who does not want favorite foods may have a sore throat. They may also start to cry during feedings.
• Other symptoms include sore throat, fever, headache, stomach pain, nausea and vomiting.
• Cough, hoarseness, red eyes, and runny nose are not seen with Strep throat. These symptoms point more to a viral cause.
• Scarlet fever rash (fine, red, sandpaper-like rash) is highly suggestive of Strep throat.
• If you look at the throat with a light, it will be bright red. The tonsil will be red and swollen, often covered with pus.
• Peak age: 5 to 15 years old. Not common under 2 years old unless sibling has Strep.

Cause of Strep Throat

• Group A Strep is the only common bacterial cause of a throat infection. The medical name is Strep pharyngitis.
• It accounts for 20% of sore throats with fever.
• Any infection of the throat usually also involves the tonsils. The medical name is Strep tonsillitis.

Diagnosis of Strep Throat

• Diagnosis can be confirmed by a Strep test on a sample of throat secretions.
• There is no risk from waiting until a Strep test can be done.
• If your child has cold symptoms too, a Strep test is usually not needed.

Prevention of Spread to Others

• Good hand washing can prevent spread of infection.

1. What You Should Know About Strep Throat:
   • Strep causes 20% of throat and tonsil infections in school age children.
   • Viral infections cause the rest.
   • Strep throat is easy to treat with an antibiotic.
   • Complications are rare.
   • Here is some care advice that should help.
2. Antibiotic by Mouth:
   • Strep infections need a prescription for an antibiotic.
   • The antibiotic will kill the bacteria that are causing the Strep throat infection.
   • Give the antibiotic as directed.
   • Try not to forget any of the doses.
   • Give the antibiotic until it is gone. Reason: To stop the Strep infection from flaring up again.
3. Sore Throat Pain Relief:
   • Age over 1 year. Can sip warm fluids such as chicken broth or apple juice. Some children prefer cold foods such as popsicles or ice cream.
   • Age over 6 years. Can also suck on hard candy or lollipops. Butterscotch seems to help.
   • Age over 8 years. Can also gargle. Use warm water with a little table salt added. A liquid antacid can be added instead of salt. Use Mylanta or the store brand. No prescription is needed.
   • Medicated throat sprays or lozenges are generally not helpful.
4. Pain Medicine:
   • To help with the pain, give an acetaminophen product (such as Tylenol).
   • Another choice is an ibuprofen product (such as Advil).
   • Use as needed.
5. Fever Medicine:
   • For fevers above 102° F (39° C), give an acetaminophen product (such as Tylenol).
   • Another choice is an ibuprofen product (such as Advil).
   • Note: Fevers less than 102° F (39° C) are important for fighting infections.
   • For all fevers: Keep your child well hydrated. Give lots of cold fluids.
6. Fluids and Soft Diet:
   • Try to get your child to drink adequate fluids.
   • Goal: Keep your child well hydrated.
   • Cold drinks, milk shakes, popsicles, slushes, and sherbet are good choices.
   • Solids. Offer a soft diet. Also avoid foods that need much chewing. Avoid citrus, salty, or spicy foods. Note: Fluid intake is much more important than eating any solids.
   • Swollen tonsils can make some solid foods hard to swallow. Cut food into smaller pieces.
7. What to Expect:
   • Strep throat responds quickly to antibiotics.
   • The fever is usually gone by 24 hours.
   • The sore throat starts to feel better by 48 hours.
8. Return to School:
   • Your child can return to school after the fever is gone.
   • Your child should feel well enough to join in normal activities.
   • Children with Strep throat need to be taking an antibiotic for at least 12 hours.
9. Call Your Doctor If:
   • Trouble breathing or drooling occurs
   • Dehydration suspected
   • Fever lasts more than 2 days after starting antibiotics
   • Sore throat lasts more than 3 days after starting antibiotics
   • You think your child needs to be seen
   • Your child becomes worse